听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。

听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。

听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。

听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。

听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。

Some Top Tour Routes

Tour 1：11 Days Small Group Tour of Beijing – Xi’an - Chengdu - Shanghai

Type: Small Group of a maximum of 18, guaranteed departures.

Accommodation: 10 nights at good 5-star & 4-star hotels.

Highlights:

● Must-see sights: Mutianyu Great Wall, Forbidden City, Terracotta Army.

● Enjoy local food, Peking Opera & Tang Dynasty Music and Dance Shows.

$ 1785 Per Person

Tour 2：7 Days Private Tour of Beijing - Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Type: Private tailor-made tour, experienced guide and driver.

Accommodation: 4-star handpicked hotels.

Highlights:

● Travel by train from Beijing to Ulaanbaatar.

● Visit the Forbidden City to learn the imperial culture of China.

$ 1459 Per Person

Tour 3：6 Days Tour in Japan (Tokyo - Mount Fuji - Kyoto - Nara - Osaka)

Type: English guide and customizable journey.

Accommodation: Handpicked 4-star comfort hotels.

Highlights:

● Visits to the ancient Japanese temples featuring distinctive scenery, religion and culture.

● Sample fresh sushi and authentic snacks at a local market.

$ 1889 Per Person

Tour 4：4 Days Private Tour in Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur- Malacca - Penang)

Type: Private tailor-made tour, experienced English-speaking driver.

Accommodation: Selected 4-star hotels and guesthouses are open to your choice.

Highlights:

● The best tour covering top 3 destinations in Malaysia.

● Visit old buildings of different backgrounds like Buddhist temples, and Christian churches.

$ 1969 Per Person

Julia Hawkins, who was nicknamed “Hurricane”, died on Oct. 22, 2024, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, after a “very short illness,” her daughter, Margaret Martens, confirmed to ABC News.

“She had quite a run,” Martens said of the extraordinary life of her mom, who is survived by her four children as well as three grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.

Julia Hawkins picked up the sport of running at the age of 100. She set a world record in the 100-meter dash at the 2017 National Senior Games. At the 2019 National Senior Games, Hawkins won gold medals in both the 50-meter dash and the 100-meter dash in the women’s 100-plus division. At that time, Hawkins was believed to be the oldest woman to compete on an American track, according to the National Senior Games Association.

Hawkins told “Good Morning America” in 2019 that she turned to running as an alternative to competitive cycling, a sport in which she also won multiple national titles after picking it up later in life.

“I just keep busy. I keep moving,” Hawkins told “GMA” in 2019 about her secret to longevity. “I don’t do any exercises particularly. I used to, but I don’t think I need to anymore.” “I’ve always been careful how I eat, eat healthy and keep my weight at a certain point,” she added.

Martens said Hawkins also attributed her longevity to her many hobbies, which included fly fishing, gardening, singing and watching Louisiana State University football.

Hawkins’ late husband, who died in 2013 at the age of 95, was a professor at LSU, according to Martens. In 2021, Hawkins ran her last race at the age of 105 in her home state of Louisiana. She set a new record during the race as the only woman in the 105-109 age group to run the 100-meter dash.

Rogue waves, or killer waves, are large and unpredictable surface waves that can be extremely dangerous to ships and structures such as lighthouses. They are very uncertain and often come unexpectedly from directions other than common winds and waves. They are distinct from tsunamis, which are long wavelength waves, often almost unnoticeable in deep waters and are always caused by earthquakes.

For centuries, rogue waves have been part of marine folk legends, but they are now proven to exist and are known to be a natural ocean phenomenon. Most reports of extreme storm waves say they look like “walls of water.” They are often steep-sided with unusually deep troughs(波谷).

Since these extreme storm waves are uncommon, measurements and analysis of this phenomenon are extremely rare. Exactly how and when rogue waves form is still under investigation, but there are several known causes:

Constructive interference. Extreme waves often form because swells(浪涌), while traveling across the ocean, do so at different speeds and directions. As these swells pass through one another, their tops, troughs, and lengths sometimes fall together and strengthen each other. This process can form unusually large, towering waves that quickly disappear. If the swells are traveling in the same direction, these mountainous waves may last for several minutes before dying down.

Focusing of wave energy. When waves formed by a storm develop in a water current against the normal wave direction, an interaction can take place, which results in a shortening of the wave frequency. This can cause the waves to dynamically join together, forming very big rogue waves. The currents where these are sometimes seen are the Gulf Stream and Agulhas current. Extreme waves developed in this fashion tend to be longer lived.

“Rogue waves are caused by a combination of many factors that, until now, have not been combined into a single risk assessment,” said Professor Dion Häfner.

Wake up early enough and, depending on where you live, you’ll likely hear a flock of birds singing. It is a natural behavior, but why?

According to the Woodland Trust, this early singing is known as the dawn chorus, and it can start as early as 4 a.m. and last for several hours. Birds do it to attract mates and warn other birds to avoid their turf(地盘). One theory as to why they choose the early hours to transmit these important messages is that the low visibility makes it hard to do other bird activities, like seeking food. Keeping their activity level low, they choose to sing instead.

Another theory argues that birds use the morning vocals to project an image of strength. By singing with passion, they’re letting other birds know they survived the night—no guarantee in nature—and would make for an excellent mate.

Like a good recording studio, the early morning hours also allow birds to deliver a clear tune thanks to the cooler, drier air. Because birds have distinctive sounds, it helps them be more easily identified by birds within listening distance.

There used to be a widespread theory that birds sang so much in the mornings because the sounds could travel greater distances due to stable air current, but it was disproved in a study by researchers at the University of Western Ontario in 2003. They played recordings of sparrows at dawn and midday. Then they found the songs didn’t travel farther, but they were more consistent.

Because birds only have so much energy to belt one out, singing when they stand the best chance of being heard makes sense. For a bird, an early morning session is like having the perfect environment for their performance.